The results of preliminary structural analyses verify the common understanding that toe-nailed roof-to-wall connections are likely to be among the most vulnerable elements in the structure of a wood-framed house. In this paper, common residential failure modes are reviewed, ongoing work to prevent expensive residential damage is presented, and failure wind speed estimates currently used in tornado assessment are revisited. In recent work, structural details such as connections and fasteners have been determined to have a large impact on the resilience of wood-framed homes. Past work has identified weak links in the vertical load path of wood-framed homes under uplift, focusing primarily on the roofs since their failure is common. Numerous recent studies have focused on mitigating residential damage during tornadoes and hurricanes. Elements with the different spans, cross-sections and slope of the roof are analysed.įailures of wood-frame residential structures are among the most common and expensive types of wind damage in densely populated regions. Two wind speeds of 22 m/s and 40 m/s is taken into consideration. The aim of the study is to analyse the location of roof braces in hip roof structures, due to the ultimate and serviceability limit states, under dead, live and wind loads based on finite element method model. By increasing the slop, the length of the hip element in roof increases and needs to brace closely. The common slop for hip roof is 3/12 to 12/12. The more common roof in wood framing roof is gable and hip roof which is consist of rafter, ridge, hip, collar tie and joist. Traditional roof has been used over the centuries. Wood is perceived by many as the oldest and best building material, valued for its low weight, good strength, elasticity, and high thermal and insulation values. Especially in single-family residential buildings, wooden roof structures are most often used.
The roof structures are made of wooden, steel, or reinforced concrete. The shape of the roof, the type of roof covering, and the slope of the roof have the greatest impact on the type and material solutions. An essential element of every building is a roof that protects it against the influence of weather conditions - rainfall, wind, and temperature changes.
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